Metabolic Support*

Nutritional & Botanical Supplement

Introduction
The thyroid gland is under direct control of the brain via the neurohormone, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). TSH itself is under the control of another neurohormone, namely Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone (TRH). TSH stimulates production of the thyroid hormones and also sustains the thyroid gland cells, thus preventing atrophy and gland shrinkage.

The thyroid hormone mixture released from the gland contains primarily T4 and T3 and to a lesser extent some reverse T3 (rT2) and T2. The ratio of T4 to T3 released into the circulation is 10:1. The T4 to T3 conversion in the gland is mediated by 5'deiodinase type I enzyme.

Thyroid Dynamics
T4 is the pro-hormone which is converted to T3, the active hormone. Some tissues can internalize circulating T4 and convert it locally (for their own use) to active T3 (example: Brain, brown fat tissues). Most other tissue types cannot convert T4 to T3 because they lack a specific enzyme named 5'deiodinase type II. This inability to make local T3 necessitates that some other tissues make T3 and release it into the circulation for body wide use. The liver, kidney, and spleen actually convert* T4 to T3 and then release it, thus accounting for about 70% of all the active circulating T3.

*This conversion is mediated by a type I deiodinase enzyme.

Types of Thyroid Problems
Two major types of problems can arise with thyroid function. Both lead to changes in prevailing thyroid hormone levels.

Primary Problems Occur:
A.) When the brain understimulates the thyroid gland and subsequently the gland does not make and release enough T4 and T3, or when the brain overstimulates the gland leading to hormone overproduction.

B.) When the thyroid gland itself, due to local damage, cannot respond to stimulation of TSH from the brain, leading to low thyroid function. On the other hand, the gland may overreact due to local irritation and tissue damage with an overproduction of the hormones.

Secondary Problems (Most common problem)
In these cases the Brain-Thyroid interactions and feedback are normal and optimal. However, the conversion of T4 to T3 in the liver is partially impaired leading to a reduction in the active T3 availability to most tissues. This compromises the metabolism of many tissues/organs, in spite of optimal Thyroid-Brain function.

Some Signs & Symptoms Pointing to Thyroid Problems

Hypothyroid
Fatigue/Lethargy
Dry skin/hair
Cold Intolerance
Constipation
Facial Swelling
Weight loss/gain
Menorrhagia
Menstrual Irregularities

Hyperthyroid
Nervousness/Anxiety
Palpitations/Arrhythmia
Fatigue
Insomnia
Weight loss
Increased appetite
Bowel hyperactivity
Increased sweating

B.) Botanical Enhancement of T4 to T3 conversion. The majority of T4 to T3 conversion takes place in the liver. Many non-nutritional factors may downregulate liver conversions of T4 to T3. These may included heavy metal toxicity, chronic infections, various liver diseases (congestion, fatty, liver), hormone overdosing etc. To counteract 5'deiodinase enzyme downregulation in the liver, some enzyme stimulating botanicals can be synergistically used, namely winter cherry and myrrh extracts.

*Thyro-Dyne™ does not contain selenium because all multi-vitamin and mineral formulas provide ample amounts of selenium; to avoid overdosing of a potentially toxic material.

Suggested Use: Take 1 or 2 capsules with a meal once a day or as directed.

Warning: If pregnant, consult your physician before using this or any other product. Keep out of reach of children.